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ENT Vivas: A Guide to Passing the Intercollegiate FRCS (ORL HNS) Viva Examination

ENT Vivas is a clear and well-structured guide for trainees preparing for the FRCS (ORL HNS) viva examination. The exam demands not only knowledge but the ability to think aloud, justify decisions and stay composed under pressure; this book supports...

Predicting aspiration pneumonia in adults

Aspiration occurs when oropharyngeal or gastric contents are inhaled into the larynx and lower respiratory tract. When the aspirated material is colonised by pathogenic microorganisms, this may result in aspiration pneumonia. In contrast, aspiration of sterile gastric contents may lead...

Redefining alar retraction: can hyaluronic acid replace the scalpel?

Alar retraction is a common challenging nasal deformity and requires precise structural correction to achieve both functional and aesthetic harmony. Traditionally correction of alar retraction has relied on open rhinoplasty with various techniques including cartilage grafting, suturing techniques and advancement...

Environmental sounds matter too

Individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) frequently report major listening difficulties despite hearing thresholds that may not fully explain their functional impairment. Most audiological assessment batteries focus heavily on speech perception, yet this paper argues that environmental sound perception...