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History of ENT - Freud's Friend, Fliess

Wilhelm Fliess, a Berlin rhinologist, was for many years Sigmund Freud’s closest friend and confidant. He was born in Poland in 1858. In 1887, he visited Vienna for postgraduate studies, and met the famous psychoanalyst, Freud [1]. They were immediate...

Bipolar microdebrider turbinoplasty

There are a variety of ways to reduce the bulk of hypertrophied turbinates. Kimberley Lau and Showkat Mirza describe their technique which can be used in difficult cases and with minimal morbidity. As ever, one aim should be to avoid...

Open septorhinoplasty approach for closure of medium sized septal perforations

Septal perforations are difficult problems to treat. There are various causes described in literature such as trauma, inflammatory, cocaine abuse but most often they are due to iatrogenic cause (such as septoplasty) or due to trauma. The symptoms due to...

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) - Part 1

In the first of a two-part series, Martyn Barnes and colleagues discuss indications for functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), the surgical objectives and techniques, patient expectations and the risks of surgery. In part two, the authors will discuss how to...

Chronic rhinosinusitis update

There is still a lack of awareness of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) despite its burden, calling for events such as the recent Global Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) Awareness Day. Research findings from recent publications by Backaert et al have...

Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery – From the Lab to the Operating Room: an Evidence-based Approach

There have been many attempts to comprehensively address the topic of ‘Rhinology’, however Georgalas and Fokkens in their new book Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery – From the lab to the operating room: an evidence-based approach, have managed to deliver...

Adenoidal hypertrophy in children with allergic rhinitis

Nasal congestion in children with allergic rhinitis can be confounded by adenoidal hypertrophy. This retrospective Turkish study examines this association in more detail. The sample studied was 566 children (age 2-18) that were diagnosed (based on ARIA guidelines) and treated...

Retained surgical cottonoids in the nose

his is an interesting group of case reports essentially documenting the presence and characteristics of retained surgical packing (non-resorbable) post sinus surgery. Paranasal gossypiboma refers to surgical foreign objects such as sponge or patties that are left in the nose;...

Omalizumab for CRSwNP: a monoclonal antibody

A prospective study from London, evaluating the response of chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyposis who were being treated with monoclonal antibody against IgE for severe allergic asthma. Thirteen patients were treated with Omalizumab, according to UK guidelines for their...

Facial pain and headaches

This paper reviews the present knowledge and the recent publications on the cause, characteristics, course and treatment of chronic and recurring facial pain and headaches. Facial pain should be defined in terms of frequency, duration and severity, and also in...

The hippo and the nose

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) leads to histological changes including thickening of the basilar membrane and epithelial proliferation. Molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are still not fully clear. A signalling pathway called the hippo with Yes‐associated protein (YAP) as...

Allergic rhinitis, the usual suspects

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterised by allergen binding to IgE on mast cells and basophils and subsequent histamine, prostaglandine D2 (PGD2) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) release causing early-phase response. This is followed by late-phase response mediated by eosinophils. Other cells,...